L9 Computers as Information and Communication Technology

            The advent of computer is recognized as the third revolution in education. First, was the invention of printing press followed by introduction of libraries, and the third one was the invention of computer. And later, Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) was introduced using the principle of individualized learning through  positive climate which includes realism and drill exercises. Since, today’s information is dynamic later on a new informative education was introduced.

Information and communications technology (ICT), is often used as an extended synonym for information technology (IT), but is usually a more general term that stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications, intelligent building management systems and audio-visual systems in modern information technology. ICT consists of all technical means used to handle information and aid communication, including computer and network hardware, communication middleware as well as necessary software. ICT consists of IT as well as telephony, broadcast media, all types of audio and video processing and transmission and network based control and monitoring functions      

           

 ICT in Education

            In current education systems worldwide, ICT’s have not been as extensively implemented as might be found in other fields, such as business. Reasons for the absence of these technologies in education vary. Some experts suggest it is the high cost that prevents schools from using them in the classroom. Other experts argue that the social nature of current education systems, which require a substantial amount of personal contact between teachers and their students, prevents these technologies from being better integrated in the classroom setting.

Uses

 The use of ICTs in education extends beyond equipping classrooms with computers and an Internet connection. There are a wide variety of ICTs can be implemented to enhance students’ overall learning experiences in numerous ways. Those schools and universities primarily use these technologies to fulfil three objectives:

• Increase Networking Opportunities: ICTs helps connect schools to other schools, as well as individuals within those schools to one another. 
• Provide Distance Learning: Most distance learning has become Web-based. As a result, ICTs have started to replace correspondence schools.      
•   Supplement Traditional Learning: Most common uses of ICTs in education involve students using     software programs such as Microsoft Word to produce otherwise traditional written assignments.

Advantages

• Increased Access to Resources: ICTs allow students to access educational resources from anywhere at any time.
• Interactive Learning Experiences: ICTs allow students to access information through videos, podcasts, and a variety of other interactive media, which creates a more engaging learning experience for students
• Student-Centered Learning: Using ICTs, students can take control of their learning experiences.

Disadvantages

• High Costs: Implementing ICTs in the education setting can be quite costly. To make matters worse, funding for such projects is often scarce.
• Teacher Training: Many teachers are unfamiliar with using ICTs in the classroom and are resistant to incorporating such technologies into their established pedagogies.
• Uncertain Success Rates